Introducing NEPAL

Currency

Nepalese rupees

Languages

Nepali

Time Zone

29/03/24
06:47 PM

Many of the other principalities and states in the sub-Himalayan region were merged into the Nepali Kingdom during the late 18th and early 19th century by the principality of Gorkha. Following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814–16, Nepal maintained its independence, and the peace treaty that followed set the stage for two centuries of cordial ties between Britain and Nepal. (To this day, the Brigade of Gurkhas continues to serve the British Army.) In 1951, The Nepali king put an end to the century-old hereditary premier system and implemented a cabinet system that included political parties in the executive branch of government. Political parties were once again outlawed in 1960, ending the arrangement. However, it was restored in 1990 when multiparty democracy was established within the confines of a constitutional monarchy. The Maoist-led insurrection started in 1996. After the crown prince murdered the royal family in 2001, the monarchy disbanded the cabinet and parliament and reclaimed absolute control in 2002, beginning the ensuing 10-year civil war between Maoist and government forces. An interim constitution was adopted in 2007 as a result of a peace agreement signed in 2006. Following a general election for the Constituent Assembly (CA) in 2008, the newly created CA proclaimed Nepal a federal democratic republic, overthrew the monarchy, and chose the first president of the nation. Former Prime Minister Baburam BHATTARAI disbanded the CA because it missed the Supreme Court's deadline for a constitution draught in 2012. After several months of discussions, the main political parties decided in 2013 to establish an interim administration under the leadership of Chief Justice Khil Raj REGMI, with the task of holding elections for a new CA. Following the 2013 elections, which saw the Nepali Congress (NC) win the majority of seats in the CA, Sushil KOIRALA, the president of the NC, formed a coalition government with the Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist-Leninist (UML), which came in second. In 2015, when Nepal's new constitution went into force, the CA was renamed the Parliament. From 2015 to 2016, Khagda Prasad Sharma OLI was the first prime minister following the adoption of the constitution. Following OLI's resignation, the Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-M) leader Pushpa Kamal DAHAL (also known as "Prachanda") was chosen by parliament as prime minister. The constitution established a transitional phase during which municipal, provincial, and national elections were required. Between May and September 2017, there were three rounds of the first local elections in 20 years, and in November and December 2017, there were two phases of state and federal elections. The legislative elections were easily won by the parties led by OLI and DAHAL, who also ran in the coalition. In February 2018, OLI, who led the larger of the two parties, was sworn in as prime minister. The Nepal Communist Party (NCP), which presided over the government for about two years before internal strife caused the party to disintegrate, was created after OLI and DAHAL declared the merger of their respective parties, the UML and CPN-M. Beginning in late 2020, OLI attempted to call elections and dissolve the legislature. In July 2021, the supreme court ruled that OLI's actions were unlawful and demanded that NC leader Sher Bahadur DEUBA, who was supported by the opposition, be appointed as prime minister.

Southern Asia, between China and India

total: 147,181 sq km land: 143,351 sq km water: 3,830 sq km

varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south

30,666,598 (2022 est.)

With nearly a quarter of its population living in poverty, Nepal is one of the least developed nations in the world. Remittances account for up to 30% of Nepal's GDP, and the country is largely dependent on them. Although it supports less than a third of GDP yet provides a living for over two-thirds of the population, agriculture is the foundation of the economy. Processing agricultural products like grains, sugarcane, tobacco, jute, and pulses make up the bulk of industrial activities. With an estimated 42,000 MW of economically viable hydroelectric capacity, Nepal has plenty of room to fully use its potential. Nepal has signed trade and investment agreements with China, India, and other nations; nevertheless, due to political unrest and a challenging business environment, international investment has been limited. In September 2017, the United States and Nepal agreed to a $500 million Millennium Challenge Corporation Compact, which will help Nepal's transportation infrastructure be maintained and its electrical infrastructure expanded. Massive earthquakes that hit Nepal at the beginning of 2015 damaged or destroyed homes and infrastructure, slowing down economic growth. Government-led restoration operations have slowly picked up speed, even though political impasse and a lack of resources have hampered post-earthquake rehabilitation. However, many severely affected districts have still received minimal aid. The country's landlocked status, erratic electrical supply, and inadequate transportation infrastructure all provide additional obstacles to Nepal's development.

Nepali

Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19% (2011 est.)

3% (2017 est.) 3.2% (2016 est.) country comparison to the world: 38

Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Bajjika 3%, Magar 3%, Doteli 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, Baitadeli 1%, other 6.4%, unspecified 0.2%; note - 123 languages reported as mother tongue in 2011 national census; many in government and business also speak English (2011 est.)

Hindu 81.3%, Buddhist 9%, Muslim 4.4%, Kirant 3.1%, Christian 1.4%, other 0.5%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

0-14 years: 28.36% (male 4,526,786/female 4,073,642) 15-24 years: 20.93% (male 3,276,431/female 3,070,843) 25-54 years: 38.38% (male 5,251,553/female 6,387,365) 55-64 years: 6.64% (male 954,836/female 1,059,360) 65 years and over: 5.69% (2020 est.) (male 852,969/female 874,092)

severe thunderstorms; flooding; landslides; drought and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons

$110.72 billion (2020 est.) $113.08 billion (2019 est.) $106.03 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

7.9% (2017 est.) 0.6% (2016 est.) 3.3% (2015 est.)

$3,800 (2020 est.) $4,000 (2019 est.) $3,800 (2018 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

$24.88 billion (2017 est.)

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